: Argentine Ornithology, Volume I (of 2) by P. L Sclater, W. H Hudson (books to read in your 20s female .txt) 📖

 

+Todirostrum margaritaceiventer+, _d'Orb. Voy., Ois._ p. 316

      (Corrientes). +Euscarthmus margaritaceiventris+, _Scl. et Salv.

      Nomencl._ p. 45; _Salvin, Ibis_, 1880, p. 357 (Tucuman). +Triccus

      margaritiventris+, _Burm. La-Plata Reise_, ii. p. 456 (Paraná).

 

    _Description._--Above olive-green, wings and tail blackish edged

    with olive-green; whole head above, including sides and back of

    neck, dark cinereous; beneath pearly white, passing into pale

    cinereous on the sides; under wing-coverts pale yellowish, flanks

    tinged with olivaceous; bill hazel; feet red: whole length 4·5

    inches, wing 2·1, tail 1·9.

 

_Hab._ Paraguay, Northern La Plata, Bolivia, S. Peru, and S.E. Brazil.

 

This species, discovered by d'Orbigny in Corrientes, was also met with

near Paraná by Prof. Burmeister, and by Durnford in Tucuman.

139. EUSCARTHMUS GULARIS (Temm.). (RED-THROATED TYRANT.)

 

+Euscarthmus gularis+, _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 45; _White, P. Z.

      S._ 1882, p. 605 (Corrientes and Oran).

 

    _Description._--Olive-brown; wings blackish, wing-coverts tipped and

    outer secondaries edged with yellowish white, forming two distinct

    bands; remiges and rectrices narrowly margined with olive; head

    above dark cinereous; lores and sides of the head surrounding

    the dark ear-coverts rufous; beneath white, sides of the breast

    greyish; chin and sides of throat rufous, like the lores; flanks

    and under wing-coverts tinged with yellowish: whole length 3·5

    inches, wing 1·8, tail 1·4. _Female_ similar.

 

_Hab._ S.E. Brazil, Bolivia, and Northern La Plata.

 

This bird was observed by White near Oran, and also in Misiones.

140. PHYLLOSCARTES VENTRALIS (Temm.). (YELLOW-BELLIED TYRANT.)

 

+Phylloscartes ventralis+, _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 46; _Barrows,

      Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl._ viii. p. 198 (Entrerios).

 

    _Description._--Above uniform olive; ill-defined superciliaries

    whitish; ear-coverts dark; wings and tail blackish with olive

    margins; well-defined spots on the tips of the two rows of

    wing-coverts and outer webs of secondaries yellowish; below yellow,

    rather white on the throat and olivaceous on the sides; under

    wing-coverts pale yellow; bill and feet blackish: whole length 4·5

    inches, wing 2·1, tail 2·3.

 

_Hab._ S.E. Brazil and Northern La Plata.

 

This species is stated to have been met with by Mr. Barrows among the

low bushes bordering the streams of Entrerios. Graf v. Berlepsch has

recorded its presence in Rio Grande do Sul (Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1885,

p. 131), so that this occurrence is not improbable.

141. HAPALOCERCUS FLAVIVENTRIS (d'Orb. et Lafr.). (REED-TYRANT.)

 

+Arundinicola flaviventris+, _d'Orb. Voy., Ois._ p. 335, pl. xxxi.

      fig. 1. +Hapalocercus flaviventris+, _Burm. La-Plata Reise_, ii.

456 (Mendoza); _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 46; _Durnford,

      Ibis_, 1877, p. 177 (Buenos Ayres), et 1878, p. 395 (Centr.

      Patagonia); _White, P. Z. S._ 1882, p. 605 (Buenos Ayres);

      _Barrows, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl._ viii. p. 199 (Entrerios).

 

    _Description._--Above mouse-brown; wings and tail rather darker,

    with edgings like the back; vertex more or less tinged with rufous;

    beneath yellow; under wing-coverts pale yellow; bill and feet black:

    whole length 4·0 inches, wing 2·0, tail 2·0. _Female_ similar.

 

_Hab._ S. Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, La Plata, and Chili.

 

This little bird is rarely met with in the desert pampas, but throughout

the settled portion of the Buenos-Ayrean province it is one of the

most common species of the _Tyrannidæ_. It arrives from the north in

September, and is very regular in its migrations, although apparently

a very feeble flier. It frequents open grounds abounding in thistles,

tall weeds, or bushes, and is consequently most abundant about houses.

It is extremely active, and occasionally darts after a passing insect

and captures it on the wing, especially soft insects, like moths and

butterflies, to which it is most partial. It subsists principally,

however, on small caterpillars and spiders, for which it searches

diligently among the leaves, after the manner of the Wren. Although

belonging to the songless division of the Passeres, this small

Tyrant-bird possesses a formal song, which the male utters with

great frequency, the only other member of the Tyrant-family that I

am acquainted with which really sings being the Scarlet Tyrant

(_Pyrocephalus rubescens_). The music of the Reed-Tyrant is weak but

curious; it is composed of five brief percussive notes, distinctly

metallic in sound, which may be imitated by gently and slowly striking

_fa la mi sol fa_ on the highest keys of the piano. To utter this quaint

little song the bird perches itself on the summit of a weed or bush,

where it solicits attention with a little chipping prelude, and then

jerks its head vigorously with each note, delivering its few drops of

sound with all the assurance of a master in the art of melody.

 

In October it builds a deep elaborate nest of fine dry grass,

thistle-down, webs, feathers, and other soft materials, usually in the

fork of a weed or thistle three or four feet from the ground. It lays

four cream-coloured eggs, the colour deepening to grey at the larger

end.

142. HABRURA PECTORALIS (Vieill.). (THIN-TAILED TYRANT.)

 

+Pachyrhamphus minimus+, _Gould, Zool. Voy. Beagle_, iii. p. 61, pl.

(Monte Video). +Habrura minima+, _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p.

      40; _Cab. Journ. f. Orn._ 1878, p. 197 (Cordova); _Scl. P. Z. S._

      1879, p. 460 (Cordova).

 

    _Description._--Above sandy brown, with a dark-greyish tinge on the

    head, which is subcrested and has the vertical feathers white at

    their bases; lores and eye-region whitish; wings and tail blackish,

    edged with sandy brown, which forms in some specimens well-marked

    wing-bands; beneath pale sandy ochraceous, more rufous on the

    flanks; throat more or less freckled with black; bill and feet

    dark brown: whole length 4·0 inches, wing 1·9, tail 1·7. _Female_

    similar, but without the black markings on the throat.

 

_Hab._ Northern La Plata, Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil, and British Guiana.

 

Examples of this species were obtained by Dr. Döring near Cordova.

143. CULICIVORA STENURA (Temm.). (NARROW-TAILED TYRANT.)

 

+Culicivora stenura+, _White, P. Z. S._ 1882, p. 605 (Misiones).

 

    _Description._--Above sandy brown, striated with black; head nearly

    black; lores and superciliaries white; wings and tail blackish with

    slight brownish edgings; below pale sandy buff, more brownish on the

    sides of the neck and flanks; bill and feet black: whole length 3·7

    inches, wing 1·7; tail, ext. rectr. 1·3, med. 1·9.

 

_Hab._ S.E. Brazil.

 

An example of this species is stated by White to have been obtained by

him at Itapua, Misiones, in July 1881, but there was possibly an error

in its identification.

144. STIGMATURA BUDYTOIDES (d'Orb. et Lafr.). (WAGTAIL TYRANT.)

 

+Stigmatura budytoides+, _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 46; _Salvin,

      Ibis_, 1880, p. 357 (Tucuman, Salta).

 

    _Description._--Above greyish olive; lores and short superciliary

    streak yellowish; wings blackish brown, tips of wing-coverts and

    outer margins of secondaries white; tail blackish, all the lateral

    rectrices crossed by a broad, white, median and second terminal

    band; under surface pale yellow; bill and feet black: whole length

    5·0 inches, wing 2·1, tail 2·5.

 

_Hab._ Bolivia, Peru, Interior of Brazil, Northern La Plata.

 

Examples of this species were obtained by Durnford in Tucuman and Salta.

145. STIGMATURA FLAVO-CINEREA (Burm.). (LONG-TAILED TYRANT.)

+Phylloscartes flavo-cinereus+, _Burm. La-Plata Reise_, ii. 455

      (Mendoza); _Döring, Exp. al Rio Negro, Zool._ p. 42 (R. Negro, R.

      Colorado). +Stigmatura flavo-cinerea+, _Hudson, P. Z. S._ 1872,

542 (Rio Negro); _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 46; _White, P. Z.

      S._ 1882, p. 606 (Catamarca).

 

    _Description._--Above greyish olive, lores and superciliary stripe

    whitish; wings blackish, with whitish edgings