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Read books onlineFiction 禄 : Argentine Ornithology, Volume I (of 2) by P. L Sclater, W. H Hudson (books to read in your 20s female .txt) 馃摉

Book online 芦: Argentine Ornithology, Volume I (of 2) by P. L Sclater, W. H Hudson (books to read in your 20s female .txt) 馃摉禄. Author P. L Sclater, W. H Hudson



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white; beneath ochreous buff; sides of

    breast and flanks with cross lines of dusky brown: total length 7路5

    inches, wing 2路9, tail 3路7. _Female_ similar.

 

_Hab._ Guiana, Amazonia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Northern Argentina.

 

The genus _Donacobius_ contains two species somewhat intermediate between

the Mock-birds and the large Wrens of the genus _Campylorhynchus_. The

well-known Brazilian _D. atricapillus_ extends through Paraguay, where

Azara found it abundant, into Corrientes and the adjoining provinces

of La Plata. It is met with among the reeds on lakes and streams.

12. TROGLODYTES FURVUS (Gm.). (BROWN HOUSE-WREN.)

 

+Troglodytes furvus+, _Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S._ 1869, p. 158

      (Conchitas); _iid. Nomencl._ p. 7; _Durnford, Ibis_, 1876, p.

      157, 1877, p. 32 (Chupat), p. 167 (Buenos Ayres), 1878, p. 392

      (Central Patagonia); _White, P. Z. S._ 1882, p. 593 (Buenos

      Ayres); _D枚ring, Exp. al Rio Negro, Zool._ p. 36 (Azul, R.

      Colorado, R. Negro). +Troglodytes platensis+, _Burm. La-Plata

      Reise_, ii. p. 476; _Barrows, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl._ viii. p. 86

      (Concepcion). +Troglodytes musculus+, _Sharpe, Cat. B._ vi. p.

      255.

 

    _Description._--Above brown; the tail-feathers and outer webs of

    wing-feathers pencilled with dark wavy lines; beneath very pale

    brown; bill and feet horn-colour; eye brown: total length 4路8

    inches, wing 2路0, tail 1路7. _Female_ similar.

 

_Hab._ South America.

 

The common Argentine Wren is to all English residents the "House-Wren,"

and is considered to be identical with the species familiar to them in

their own country. It is a sprightly little bird, of a uniform brown

colour and a cheerful melodious voice; a tireless hunter after small

spiders and caterpillars in hedges, gardens, and outhouses, where it

explores every dark hole and cranny, hopping briskly about with tail

erect, and dropping frequent little curtsies; always prompt to scold an

intruder with great emphasis; a great hater of cats.

 

It was my belief at one time that the Wren was one of the little birds

a cat never could catch; but later on I discovered that this was a

mistake. At my home on the pampas we once had a large yellow tom cat

exceedingly dexterous in catching small birds; he did not, however, eat

them himself, but used to bring them into the house for the other cats.

Two or three times a day he would appear with a bird, which he would

drop at the door, then utter a loud mew very well understood by the

other cats, for they would all fly to the spot in great haste, and

the first to arrive would get the bird. At one time I noticed that he

brought in a Wren almost every day, and, curious to know how he managed

to capture so clever a bird, I watched him. His method was to go out

into the grounds frequented by Wrens, and seat himself conspicuously

amongst the weeds or bushes; and then, after the first burst of alarm

had subsided amongst the small birds, one or two Wrens would always take

on themselves the task of dislodging him, or, at all events, of making

his position a very uncomfortable one. The cat would sit perfectly

motionless, apparently not noticing them at all, and by-and-by this

stolid demeanour would have its effect, and one of the Wrens, growing

bolder, would extend his dashing little incursions to within a few

inches of pussy's demure face; then at last, swift as lightning, would

come the stroke of a paw, and the little brown body would drop down with

the merry brave little spirit gone from it.

 

The House-Wren is widely distributed in South America, from the tropical

forests to the cold uplands of Patagonia, and, possessing a greater

adaptiveness than most species, it inhabits every kind of country, moist

or dry, and is as much at home on lofty mountains and stony places as in

the everglades of the Plata, where it frequents the reed-beds and damp

forests. About houses they are always to be found; and though the

traveller on the desert pampas might easily imagine that there are no

Wrens in the giant grasses, if he makes himself a lodge in this lonely

region, a Wren will immediately appear to make its nest in his thatch

and cheer him with its song.

 

Even in large towns they are common, and I always remember one flying

into a church in Buenos Ayres one Sunday, and, during the whole

sermon-time, pouring out its bright lyric strains from its perch high

up somewhere in the ornamental wood-work of the roof.

 

The Wren sings all summer, and also on bright days in winter. The song

is not unlike that of the English House-Wren, having the same gushing

character, the notes being strong and clear, and uttered with rapidity

and precision; but the Argentine bird has greater sweetness and more

power.

 

In spring the male courts his mate with notes high and piercing as

the squeals of a young mouse; these he repeats with great rapidity,

fluttering his wings all the time like a moth, and at intervals breaking

out into song.

 

The nest is made in a dark hole in a wall or tree, sometimes in the

forsaken domed nest of some other bird; and where such sites are not to

be found, in a dense thistle or thorn-bush, or in a large tussock of

grass. I have also found nests in dry skulls of cows and horses, in an

old boot, in the sleeve of an old coat left hanging on a _fence_, in a

large-necked bottle, and in various other curious situations. The nest

is built of sticks and lined with horse-hair or feathers, and the eggs

are usually nine in number, of a pinkish ground-colour, thickly spotted

with pale red.

13. TROGLODYTES AURICULARIS, Cab. (EARED WREN.)

 

+Troglodytes (Uropsila) auricularis+, _Cab. Journ. f. Orn._ 1883, p.

      105, t. ii. fig. 1.

 

    _Description._--In habit and size near the European Wren, _T.

    parvulus_, but peculiar for the blackish-brown hinder half of the

    ear-coverts and its broad white superciliaries. Upper surface and

    flanks brown; throat and middle of belly whitish, tinged with

    brownish yellow; wings and tail with fine black cross bands; crissum

    with broader black and white cross bands. (_Cabanis._)

 

_Hab._ Tucuman.

 

This is a recent discovery of Herr Schulz in the Sierra of Tucuman. We

have not yet met with specimens of it.

14. CISTOTHORUS PLATENSIS (Lath.). (PLATAN MARSH-WREN.)

 

+Cistothorus platensis+, _Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S._ 1869, p. 158; _iid.

      Nomencl._ p. 7; _Durnford, Ibis_, 1877, p. 168 (Buenos Ayres);

      _D枚ring, Exp. al Rio Negro, Zool._ p. 37 (R. Sauce, R. Colorado,

Negro); _Barrows, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl._ viii. p. 87 (Carhu茅);

      _Sharpe, Cat. B._ vi. p. 244. +Cistothorus fasciolatus+, _Burm.

      La-Plata Reise_, ii, p. 476 (Mendoza).

 

    _Description._--Above pale sandy brown, variegated with black

    streaks; head darker brown, streaked with black; the hind neck paler

    brown, with narrow black streaks; wing-coverts brown; tail-feathers

    dark sandy brown, barred with blackish brown; under surface pale

    sandy buff: total length 4路3 inches, wing 1路85, tail 1路6. _Female_

    similar.

 

_Hab._ Argentina, Patagonia, and Falkland Islands.

 

This small Wren is rarely seen, being nowhere common, although widely

distributed. It prefers open grounds covered with dense reeds and

grasses, where it easily escapes observation. I have met with it near

Buenos Ayres city; also on the desert pampas, in the tall pampas-grass.

It is likewise met with along the Paran谩 river, and in Chili, Patagonia,

and the Falkland Islands. In the last-named locality Darwin found it

common, and says that it has there an extremely feeble flight, so that

it may easily be run down and taken.

 

The Marsh-Wren has a sweet and delicate song, resembling that of the

House-Wren (_Troglodytes furvus_), but much less powerful. It does not

migrate; and on the pampas I have heard it singing with great animation

when the pampas-grass, where it sat perched, was white with frozen

dew. Probably its song, like that of _Troglodytes furvus_, varies in

different districts; at all events, the pampas bird does not possess so

fine a song as Azara ascribes to his "Todo Voz" in Paraguay, which is

undoubtedly the same species.

Fam. V.( MOTACILLID脝, or WAGTAILS.)

 

The Wagtails and Pipits are closely-allied forms, and are usually

referred to the same family of Oscines. The Wagtails are restricted to

the Old World, although it has been recently ascertained that some of

them occasionally occur as stragglers in the northern latitudes of

America. Of the almost cosmopolitan Pipits about eight or nine species

are sparingly distributed over the prairies and pampas of the New World.

One of these is a common resident in the pampas of Argentina, and

another (perhaps somewhat doubtful species) is occasionally met with.

15. ANTHUS CORRENDERA, Vieill. (CACHILA PIPIT.)

 

+Anthus correndera+, _Scl. et Salv. Nomencl._ p. 8; _Hudson, P. Z.

      S._ 1873, p. 771 (Buenos Ayres); _Durnford, Ibis_, 1877, p. 32

      (Chupat), p. 168 (Buenos Ayres), 1878, p. 392 (Central

      Patagonia); _Sclater, Ibis_, 1878, p. 362;

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