A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) by Calvin Cutter (lightweight ebook reader txt) 📖

Ab-duc´tor. [L. abduco to lead away.] A muscle which moves certain parts, by separating them from the axis of the body.

Ab-do´men. [L. abdo, to hide.] That part of the body which lies between the thorax and the bottom of the pelvis.

Ab-dom´in-is. Pertaining to the abdomen.

A-ce-tab´u-lum. [L. acetum, vinegar.] The socket for the head of the thigh-bone; an ancient vessel for holding vinegar.

A-ce´tic. [L. acetum, vinegar.] Relating to acetic acid. This is always composed of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon, in the same proportion.

A-chil´lis. A term applied to the tendon of two large muscles of the leg.

A-cro´mi-on. [Gr. ακρος, akros, highest, and ωμος, omos, shoulder.] A process of the scapula that joins to the clavicle.

Ad-duc´tor. [L. adduco, to lead to.] A muscle which draws one part of the body toward another.

Al-bu-gin´e-a. [L. albus, white.] A term applied to white textures.

Al-bu´men. [L. albus, white.] An animal substance of the same nature as the white of an egg.

A-lu´min-um. [L.] The name given to the metallic base of alumina.

Al´ve-o-lar. [L. alveolus, a socket] Pertaining to the sockets of the teeth.

Am-mo´ni-a. An alkali. It is composed of three equivalents of hydrogen and one of nitrogen.

A-nas´to-mose. [Gr. ανα, ana, through, and στομα, stoma, mouth.] The communication of arteries and veins with each other.

An-a-tom´i-cal. Relating to the parts of the body, when dissected or separated.

A-nat´o-my. [Greek ανα, ana, through, and τομη, tomē a cutting.] The description of the structure of animals. The word anatomy properly signifies dissection.

An´gu-li. [L. angulus, a corner.] A term applied to certain muscles on account of their form.

An-i-mal´cu-læ. [L. animalcula, a little animal.] Animals that are only perceptible by means of a microscope.

An´nu-lar. [L. annulus, a ring.] Having the form of a ring.

An-ti´cus. [L.] A term applied to certain muscles.

A-ort´a. [Gr. αορτη, aortē; from αηρ, aēr, air, and τηρεω, tēreo, to keep.] The great artery that arises from the left ventricle of the heart.

Ap-o-neu-ro´sis. [Gr. απο, apo, from, and νευρον, neuron, a nerve.] The membranous expansions of muscles and tendons. The ancients called every white tendon neuron, a nerve.

Ap-pa-ra´tus. [L. apparo, to prepare.] An assemblage of organs designed to produce certain results.

Ap-pend´ix. [L., an addition.] Something appended or added.

A´que-ous. [L. aqua, water.] Partaking of the nature of water.

A-rach´noid. [Gr. αραχνη, arachnē, a spider, and ειδος, eîdos, form. Resembling 452 a spider’s web. A thin membrane that covers the brain.

Ar´bor. [L.] A tree. Arbor vitæ. The tree of life. A term applied to a part of the cerebellum.

Ar´te-ry. [Gr. αηρ, aēr, air, and τηρεω, tēreo, to keep; because the ancients thought that the arteries contained only air.] A tube through which blood flows from the heart.

A-ryt-e´noid. [Gr. αρυταινα, arutaina, a ewer, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] The name of a cartilage of the larynx.

As-cend´ens. [L.] Ascending; rising.

As-phyx´i-a. [Gr. α, a, not, and σφυξις, sphyxis, pulse.] Originally, want of pulse; now used for suspended respiration, or apparent death.

As-trag´a-lus. [Gr.] The name of a bone of the foot. One of the tarsal bones.

Aud-i´tion. [L. audio, to hear.] Hearing.

Aud-it-o´ri-us. [L.] Pertaining to the organ of hearing.

Au´ri-cle. [L. auricula, the external ear; from auris, the ear.] A cavity of the heart.

Au-ric´u-lar. [L. auricula.] Pertaining to the auricle.

Ax-il´la. [L.] The armpit.

Ax´il-la-ry. Belonging or relating to the armpit.

A-zote´. [Gr. α, a, not, and ζωη, zoē, life.] Nitrogen. One of the constituent elements of the atmosphere. So named because it will not sustain life.

Ben-zo´ic. Benzoic acid. A peculiar vegetable acid, obtained from benzoin and some other balsams.

Bi´ceps. [L. bis, twice, and caput, a head.] A name applied to muscles with two heads at one extremity.

Bi-cus´pids. [L. bis and cuspis, a point.] Teeth that have two points upon their crown.

Bile. [L. bilis.] A yellow, viscid fluid secreted by the liver.

Bi-pen´ni-form. [L. bis and penna, a feather.] Bipenniform muscle. Having fibres on each side of a common tendon.

Brach´i-al. [L. brachium.] Belonging to the arm.

Bre´vis. [L.] Brevis, short; brevior, shorter.

Bronch´i-a, -æ. [L.] A division of the trachea that passes to the lungs.

Bronch´i-al. Relating to the bronchia.

Bronch-i´tis. [L.] An inflammation of the bronchia.

Buc-ci-na´tor. [L. buccinum, a trumpet.] The name of a muscle of the cheek, so named because used in blowing wind instruments.

Bur´sæ Mu-co´sa. [L. bursa, a purse, and mucosa, viscous.] Small sacs, containing a viscid fluid, situated about the joints, under tendons.

Cæ´cum. [L.] Blind; the name given to the commencement of the colon.

Calx, Cal´cis. [L.] The heel-bone.

Cal´ci-um. [L.] The metallic basis of lime.

Cap´il-la-ry. [L. capillus, a hair.] Resembling a hair; small.

Cap´su-lar. Pertaining to a capsule.

Cap´sule. [L. capsula, a little chest.] A membranous bag, enclosing a part.

Ca´put. [L.] The head. Caput coli. The head of the colon.

Car´bon. [L. carbo, a coal.] Pure charcoal. An elementary combustible substance.

Car-bon´ic. Pertaining to carbon.

Car´di-ac. [Gr. καρδια, kardia, heart.] Relating to the heart, or upper orifice of the stomach.

Car´ne-a, -æ. [L. caro, carnis, flesh.] Fleshy.

Ca-rot´id. [Gr. καρος, karos, lethargy.] The great arteries of the neck that convey blood to the heart. The ancients supposed drowsiness to be seated in these arteries.

Car´pal. [L. carpus, the wrist.] Relating to the wrist.

Car´pus, -i. [L.] The wrist.

Car´ti-lage. [L. cartilago.] Gristle. A smooth, elastic substance, softer than bone.

Car-ti-lag´in-ous. Pertaining to cartilage.

Cau-ca´sian. One of the races of men.

Ca´va. [L.] Hollow. Vena cava. A name given to the two great veins of the body.

Cel´lu-lar. [L. cellula, a little cell.] Composed of cells.

Cer-e-bel´lum. [L.] The hinder and lower part of the brain, or the little brain.

Cer´e-bral. Pertaining to the brain.

Cer´e-brum. [L.] The front and large part of the brain. The term is sometimes applied to the whole contents of the cranium.

Cer´e-bro-Spi´nal. Relating to the brain and spine.

Cer´vix. [L.] The neck.

Cer´vi-cal. Relating to the neck.

Chest. [Sax.] The thorax; the trunk of the body from the neck to the abdomen.

Chlo´rine. [Gr. χλορος, chloros, green.] Chlorine gas, so named from its color.

Chor´da, -æ. [L.] A cord. An assemblage of fibres.

Cho´roid. [Gr. χοριον, chorion.] A term applied to several parts of the body that resemble the skin.

Chyle. [Gr. χυλος, chulos, juice.] A nutritive fluid, of a whitish appearance, which is extracted from food by the action of the digestive organs.

Chyl-i-fi-ca´tion. [chyle and L. facio, to make.] The process by which chyle is formed.

Chyme. [Gr. χυμος, chumos, juice.] A kind of grayish pulp formed from the food in the stomach.

Chym-i-fi-ca´tion. [chyme and L. facio, to make.] The process by which chyme is formed.

Cil´ia-ry. [L. cilia, eyelashes.] Belonging to the eyelids.

Cin-e-ri´tious. [L. cinis, ashes.] Having the color of ashes.

Clav´i-cle. [L. clavicula, from clavis, a key.] The collar-bone; so called from its resemblance in shape to an ancient key.

Clei´do. A term applied to some muscles that are attached to the clavicle.

Co-ag´u-lum. [L.] A coagulated mass, a clot of blood.

Coc´cyx. [Gr.] An assemblage of bones joined to the sacrum.

Coch´le-a. [Gr. κοχλω, kochlo, to twist; or L. cochlea, a screw.] A cavity of the ear resembling in form a snail shell.

Co´lon. [Gr.] A portion of the large intestine.

Co-lum´na, -æ.[L.] A column or pillar.

Com-mu´nis. [L.] A name applied to certain muscles.

Com-plex´us. [L. complector, to embrace.] The name of a muscle that embraces many attachments.

Com-press´or. [L. con, together, and premo, pressus, to press.] A term applied to some muscles, that compress the parts to which they are attached.

Con´dyle. [Gr. κονδυλος, kondulos, a knuckle, a protuberance.] A prominence on the end of a bone.

Con-junc-ti´va. [L. con, together, and jungo, to join.] The membrane that covers the anterior part of the globe of the eye.

Cop´per. A metal of a pale, red color, tinged with yellow.

Cor-a´coid. [Gr. κοραξ, korax, a crow, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] A process of the scapula shaped like the beak of a crow.

Co´ri-on. [Gr. χοριον, chorion, skin.] The true skin.

Corn´e-a. [L. cornu, a horn.] The transparent membrane in the fore part of the eye.

Cos´ta. [L. costa, a coast, side, or rib.] A rib.

Crib´ri-form. [L. cribrum, a sieve, and forma, form.] A plate of the ethmoid 454 bone, through which the olfactory nerve passes to the nose.

Cri´coid. [Gr. κρικος, krikos, a ring, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] A name given to a cartilage of the larynx, from its form.

Crys´tal-line. [L. crystallinus, consisting of crystal.] Crystalline lens. One of the humors of the eye. It is convex, white, firm, and transparent.

Cu´bi-tus, -i. [L. cubitus, the elbow.] One of the bones of the forearm, also called the ulna.

Cu´boid. [Gr. κυβος, kubos, a cube, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] Having nearly the form of a cube.

Cu-ne´i-form. [L. cuneus, a wedge.] The name of bones in the wrist and foot.

Cus´pid. [L. cuspis, a point.] Having one point.

Cu-ta´ne-ous. [L. cutis, skin.] Belonging to the skin.

Cu´ti-cle. [L. cutis.] The external layer of the skin.

Cu´tis Ve´ra. [L. cutis, and vera, true.] The internal layer of the skin; the true skin.

Del´toid. [Gr. δελτα, delta, the Greek letter Δ, and ειδος, eîdos, form.] The