The Wealth of Nations Adam Smith (best novels to read for beginners txt) 📖

id="note-853" epub:type="endnote">

This sentence and the nine words before it are repeated below, here. ↩

“Dercyllidas” appears to be a mistake for Antiochus. See Xenophon, Hellenica, vii, i, § 38. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “thereby increase.” ↩

See above, here. ↩

See below, here through here. ↩

11 and 12 Ed. III, c. 3; 4 Ed. IV, c. 7. ↩

6 Geo. III, c. 28. ↩

By the additional duties, 7 Geo. III, c. 28. ↩

Misprinted “manufactures” in ed. 5. ↩

This sentence appears first in Additions and Corrections and ed. 3. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “certain.” ↩

Above, here through here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “the” here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “augmenting,” which seems more correct. ↩

Above, here, and below, here through here. ↩

Eds. 1⁠–⁠3 read “was” here and six lines lower down. ↩

Charles Smith, Three Tracts on the Corn-Trade and Corn-Laws, pp. 144⁠–⁠145. The same figure is quoted below, here. ↩

Ed. 1 does not contain the words “in the actual state of tillage.” ↩

Eds. 1⁠–⁠3 read “was.” ↩

Joseph Van Robais in 1669. —⁠John Smith, Memoirs of Wool, vol. ii, pp. 426, 427, but neither John Smith nor Charles King, British Merchant, 1721, vol. ii, pp. 93, 94, gives the particular stipulation mentioned. ↩

Cato, De re rustica, ad init., but “Questus” should of course be “quæstus.” ↩

12 Car. II, c. 18, “An act for the encouraging and increasing of shipping and navigation.” ↩

§§ 1 and 6. ↩

§§ 8 and 9. Eds. 1 and 2 read “ship and cargo.” The alteration was probably made in order to avoid wearisome repetition of the same phrase in the three paragraphs. ↩

§ 4, which, however, applies to all such goods of foreign growth and manufacture as were forbidden to be imported except in English ships, not only to bulky goods. The words “great variety of the most bulky articles of importation” occur at the beginning of the previous paragraph, and are perhaps copied here by mistake. ↩

§ 5. ↩

In 1651, by “An act for the increase of shipping and encouragement of the navigation of this nation,” p. 1,449 in the collection of Commonwealth Acts. ↩

By 25 Car. II, c. 6, § 1, except on coal. The plural “acts” may refer to renewing acts. Anderson, Commerce, AD 1672. ↩

Ed. 1 contains the words “malt, beer” here. ↩

Below, here through here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “it is.” ↩

The importation of bone lace was prohibited by 13 and 14 Car. II, c. 13, and 9, and 10 W. III, c. 9, was passed to make the prohibition more effectual. By 11 and 12 W. III, c. 11, it was provided that the prohibition should cease three months after English woollen manufactures were readmitted to Flanders. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “injury ourselves, both to those classes and to.” ↩

Above, here through here. ↩

12 Car. II, c. 16; 12 Ann., st. 1, § 13; 3 Geo. III, c. 8, gave this liberty after particular wars. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “Utopea.” ↩

Below, here through here. ↩

Ed. 1 contains no part headings and does not divide the chapter into parts. ↩

18 Geo. II, c. 36; 7 Geo. III, c. 43. ↩

4 W. and M., c. 5, § 2. ↩

7 and 8 W. III, c. 20; but wine and vinegar were excepted from the general increase of 25 percent as well as brandy, upon which the additional duty was £30 per ton of single proof and £60 per ton of double proof. ↩

See below, here through here. ↩

Nearly all the matter from the beginning of the chapter to this point appears first in Additions and Corrections and ed. 3. Eds. 1 and 2 contain only the first sentence of the chapter and then proceed, “Thus in Great Britain higher duties are laid upon the wines of France than upon those of Portugal. German linen may be imported upon paying certain duties; but French linen is altogether prohibited. The principles which I have been examining took their origin from private interest and the spirit of monopoly; those which I am going to examine from national prejudice and animosity.” ↩

See Anderson, Commerce, AD 1601, and see above, here through here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “a great part.” ↩

Ed. 1 reads “The course of exchange, at least as it has hitherto been estimated, is, perhaps, almost equally so.” ↩

Here and three lines above Eds. 1 and 2 read “it” instead of “that other.” ↩

Ed. 1 reads “common.” ↩

This paragraph is absent in ed. 1, but the substance of it occurs in a paragraph lower down, omitted in ed. 2 and later Eds. See below, this note. ↩

In place of this paragraph ed. 1 reads, “But though this