Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews Peter Longerich (grave mercy .TXT) 📖

mann-Männer (Vienna, 1993), 68 ff. There is more information in the volume of

482

Notes to pages 151–153

conference proceedings edited by Ludmila Cermáková-Nesládková, The Case of Nisko

in the History of the ‘Final Solution of the Jewish Problem’ in Commemoration of the 55th Anniversary of the First Deportation of Jews in Europe (Ostrava, 1994).

2. On 13 September the Quartermaster General of the OKH had given the order for all Jews in the eastern part of Upper Silesia to be deported eastwards over the San and thus into the area that agreements with the Soviet Union had designated as the Soviet sphere of

influence. This occurred on a huge scale. See Alfred Konieczny, ‘Die Zwangsarbeit der

Juden in Schlesien im Rahmen der “Organisation Schmelt” ’, Beiträge zur Nationalsozia-

listische Gesundheitspolitik und Sozialpolitik: Sozialpolitik und Judenvernichtung. Gab es seine Ökonomie der Endlösung?, 5 (1983), 94. In addition, on 18 September a discussion led by Stahlecker, the Commander of the Security Police (BdS) in the Protectorate had

envisaged the deportation of 8,000 Jews from the area of Ostrava immediately bordering

on Silesia into Galicia: YV, 053/87, telex from the Stapostelle Brünn from 19 Sept. 1939.

3. Ibid., note dated 6 Oct. 1939.

4. Ibid., note by Günter dated 11 Oct. 1939.

5. Note by the Special Representative dated 10 Oct. 1939 (original not preserved; excerpt made later), quoted by Gerhard Botz, Wohnungspolitik und Judendeportation in Wien

1938 bis 1945. Zur Funktion des Antisemitismus als Ersatz nationalsozialistischer Sozial-

politik (Vienna, 1975), 105 (from the Austrian State Archive).

6. YV, 053/93, telegram from SD Danube to the SD Headquarters, 16 Oct. 1939.

7. At the meeting held in the Stapo Branch Office in Ostrava on 9 October, there was some discussion of the details for the construction of these barracks (ibid., note by Dannecker, 11 Oct. 1939).

8. Ibid., note from the Central Office in Vienna, 17 Oct. 1939. According to this note,

Gauleiter Bürckel, who had been informed of the latest discussions with Eichmann by

one of his colleagues, was ‘more than happy . . . that the planned resettlement of the

Jews into barracks did not need to take place, since the costs per head of the construc-

tion of the barracks alone would have amounted to 330 RM’.

9. Ibid., telegram from the SD Headquarters to the Stapo Branch Office in Ostrava, 13 Oct.

1939 and response from SD Danube, 16 Oct. 1939.

10. See Safrian, Eichmann-Männer, 77 ff. On the execution of these deportations, see

Goshen, ‘Eichmann’, 86; Herbert Rosenkranz, Verfolgung und Selbstbehauptung. Die

Juden in Österreich 1938 bis 1945 (Munich and Vienna, 1978) (on Vienna); on the

deportation from Ostrava, see Karny, ‘Nisko’, 96 ff. and Lukas Pribyl, ‘Das Schicksal

des dritten Transports aus dem Protektorat nach Nisko’, Theresienstädter Studien

(2000), 297–342; there is detailed material on this in YV, 053/86.

11. Ibid., note on the contents of a telex and Eichmann’s views on it. Eichmann did not

receive this until 21 October in Nisko.

12. Ibid., note from the Gestapo Branch Office in Ostrava dated 21 Oct. 1939. In a letter to Bürckel from 9 Nov. 1939, Himmler made it clear once more that he had ‘put a stop to

the transportation of Jews until further notice because of the technical difficulties’. See Botz, Wohnungspolitik, 196, and IMT xxxii. 255 ff., 3398-PS.

13. Ibid., note from the Gestapo Branch Office in Ostrava dated 24 Oct. 1939.

14. IMT xxvi. 378–9, 864-PS, minute of 20 Oct. 1939. On military reservations about the

further concentration of Jews in the area around Lublin see also the remark made by

Notes to pages 153–156

483

Krüger on 1 Nov. 1939 in Das Diensttagebuch des deutschen Generalgouverneurs in Polen

1939–1945, ed. Werner Präg and Wolfgang Jacobmeyer (Stuttgart, 1975), 56. The negative

attitude of the OKW with regard to a ‘massing (Zusammenballung) of Jews’ near the

demarcation line is also mentioned in the so-called ‘long-term plan’ of the RHSA

(c. November 1941, BAB, R 69/1146).

15. Ibid., SD Danube to the Stapo Branch Office in Ostrava, 28 Oct. 1939.

16. Diensttagebuch, ed. Präg and Jacobmeyer, 56.

17. Bogdan Musial, Deutsche Zivilverwaltung und Judenverfolgung im Generalgouver-

nemnt. Eine Fallstudie zum Distrikt Lublin 1939–1944 (Wiesbaden, 1999), 127–8.

18. Faschismus, ed. Berenstein et al., 46.

19. Hagemann, Presselenkung, 146.

20. IMT xxx. 84 ff. (95), 2278-PS.

21. Quoted from Sybille Steinbacher, ‘Musterstadt’ Auschwitz. Germanisierungspolitik und

Judenmord in Ostoberschlesien (Munich, 2000), 120.

22. Pohl, Judenpolitik, 52.

23. Diensttagebuch, ed. Präg and Jacobmeyer, 186.

24. Quoted from Götz Aly and Susanne Heim, Vordenker der Vernichtung. Auschwitz und

die deutschen Pläne für eine europäische Ordnung (Hamburg, 1991), 204.

25. Karl Haushofer: Leben und Werk, vol. ii: Ausgewählter Schriftwechsel, 1917–1946, ed.

Hans-Adolf Jacobsen (Boppard am Rhein, 1979), no. 226.

26. Longerich, Politik, 262. On the deportations and plans for deportations after autumn

1939, especially those relating to Jews in the annexed Polish areas after autumn 1939, see in particular Adler, Verwaltete Mensch, 106 ff.; Aly, ‘Final Solution’, 33 ff., and Browning, Origins, 43 ff.

27. BAB, R 75/3b, published in Faschismus, ed. Berenstein et al., 42–3.

28. Minute in Biuletyn Glowncj Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich W Polsce (Biule-

tyn), XII, document 3. On this see also Krüger’s report made at a workshop for the

district administrators (Landräte) of Cracow held on the same day (Diensttagebuch, ed.

Präg and Jacobmeyer, 60–1): ‘the most urgent matter is the return of 25,000 ethnic

Germans from the Bug–Vistula area. By spring 1,000,000 Poles and Jews must be

removed from East and West Posen, Danzig, Poland and Upper Silesia and taken into

the General Government. The return of the ethnic Germans and the reception of the

Poles and Jews (10,000 per day) must be achieved according to plan.’

29. Minute of the meeting of 8 Nov. 1939 (see previous note); circular from the HSSPF

Warthegau, Koppe, 12 Nov. 1939, AGK, Bühler-Prozess, 8.

30. BAB, R 58/240, note by Best dated 31 Oct. 1939; cf. Karl-Heinz Roth, ‘Erster

“Generalplan Ost April/May 1940” von Konrad Meyer’, in Dokumentationsstelle zur

NS-Sozialpolitik Mitteilungen, vol. 1 (1985), 34.

31. See the memorandum by two of the members of the Racial Policy Office, G. Hecht and

E. Wetzel, on ‘The Question of How to Treat the Population of the Former Polish Areas

seen from a Racial Political Perspective’ (BAR, R 49/75, 25 Nov. 1939, published in

Documente Occupationis Teutonicae (Doc. Occ.) (Poznan, 1949), v. 2 ff.

32. Letter from Heydrich to the HSSPF in Cracow, Breslau, Poznan, and Danzig