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Reading books Psychology A very interesting statement of one of our contemporaries is that any person, to one degree or another, is both a psychologist and a philosopher - they say, life forces him to. On the one hand, the main driving force of every person is the craving for knowledge, the desire to reach certain social heights, the desire to be wise in any everyday situations - and this is the philosophy of life.
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Read books online » Psychology » Applied Psychology: Driving Power of Thought by Warren Hilton (english novels to read txt) 📖

Book online «Applied Psychology: Driving Power of Thought by Warren Hilton (english novels to read txt) 📖». Author Warren Hilton



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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Applied Psychology: Driving Power of Thought, by
Warren Hilton

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Title: Applied Psychology: Driving Power of Thought
       Being the Third in a Series of Twelve Volumes on the
              Applications of Psychology to the Problems of Personal and
              Business Efficiency

Author: Warren Hilton

Release Date: July 4, 2010 [EBook #33076]

Language: English


*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 3 ***




Produced by Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
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from the Google Print project.)






Applied Psychology

DRIVING
POWER OF THOUGHT
Being the Third of a Series of Twelve Volumes on the Applications of Psychology to the Problems of Personal and Business Efficiency BY
WARREN HILTON, A.B., L.L.B.
FOUNDER OF THE SOCIETY OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY ISSUED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF
THE LITERARY DIGEST
FOR
The Society of Applied Psychology
NEW YORK AND LONDON
1920
COPYRIGHT 1914
BY THE APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY PRESS
SAN FRANCISCO

(Printed in the United States of America) CONTENTS
Chapter   Page I. JUDICIAL MENTAL OPERATIONS     VITALIZING INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN IDEAS 3   WORK OF PRINCE, GERRISH, SIDIS, JANET, BINET 4   THE TWO TYPES OF THOUGHT 5 II. CAUSAL JUDGMENTS     ELEMENTARY CONCLUSIONS 9   FIRST EFFORT OF THE MIND 10   DISTORTED EYE PICTURES 11   ELEMENTS THAT MAKE UP AN IDEA 12   CAUSAL JUDGMENTS AND THE OUTER WORLD 13 III. CLASSIFYING JUDGMENTS     THE MARVEL OF THE MIND 17   THE INDELIBLE IMPRESS 18   HOW IDEAS ARE CREATED 19   THE ARCHIVES OF THE MIND 22 IV. THE FOUR PRIME LAWS OF ASSOCIATION     THE SEEMING CHAOS OF MIND 27   PREDICTING YOUR NEXT IDEA 28   THE BONDS OF INTELLECT 29   BRANDS AND TAGS 32   HOW EXPERIENCE IS SYSTEMATIZED 33   HOW LANGUAGE IS SIMPLIFIED 34   PROCESSES OF REASONING AND REFLECTION 35 V. EMOTIONAL ENERGY IN BUSINESS     IDEAS THAT STIMULATE 39   PIVOTAL LAW OF BUSINESS PASSION 40   ENERGIZING EMOTIONS 41   CROSS-ROADS OF SUCCESS OR FAILURE 42   THE LIFE OF EFFORT 43   THE MOTIVE POWER OF PROGRESS 44   THE VALUE OF AN IDEA 45   THE HARD WORK REQUIRED TO FAIL 46   CREATIVE POWER OF THOUGHT 47   CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS TRAINING 48   TWO WAYS OF ATTACKING BUSINESS PROBLEMS 49   CUTTING INTO THE QUICK 50   EXECUTIVES, REAL AND SHAM 51   MENTAL ATTITUDE OF ONE'S BUSINESS 52   PSYCHOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 53 VI. HOW TO SELECT EMPLOYEES     A CLUE TO ADAPTABILITY 57   MAPPING THE MENTALITY 58   THE KIND OF "HELP" YOU NEED 59   TESTS FOR DIFFERENT MENTAL TRAITS 60   TEST OF UNCONTROLLED ASSOCIATIONS 61   TEST FOR QUICK THINKING 62   MEASURING SPEED OF THOUGHT 63   RANGE OF MENTAL TESTS 64   TESTS FOR ARMY AND NAVY 65   TESTS FOR RAILROAD EMPLOYEES 66   WHAT ONE FACTORY SAVED 67   PROFESSOR MÜNSTERBERG'S EXPERIMENTS 68   TESTS FOR HIRING TELEPHONE GIRLS 69   MEMORY TEST 71   TEST FOR ATTENTION 72   TEST FOR GENERAL INTELLIGENCE 74   TEST FOR EXACTITUDE 76   TEST FOR RAPIDITY OF MOVEMENT 77   TEST FOR ACCURACY OF MOVEMENT 78   RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS 79   THEORY AND PRACTICE 85   HOW TO IDENTIFY THE UNFIT 87   MEANS TO GREAT BUSINESS ECONOMIES 88   ROUND PEGS IN SQUARE HOLES 89   THE DANGER IN TWO-FIFTHS OF A SECOND 90   PICKING A PRIVATE SECRETARY 91   FINDING OUT THE CLOSE-MOUTHED 92   A TEST FOR SUGGESTIBILITY 93   SELECTING A STENOGRAPHER 95   TESTS FOR AUDITORY ACUITY 96   A TEST FOR ROTE MEMORY 97   A TEST FOR RANGE OF VOCABULARY 100   CRIME-DETECTION BY PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS 105   THE FACTORY OPERATIVE'S ATTENTION POWER 106   KINDS OF TESTING APPARATUS 108   ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT CALLINGS 109   EXERCISES FOR DEVELOPING SPECIAL FACULTIES 110   PRINCIPLES THAT BEAR ON PRACTICAL AFFAIRS 111
[Pg 1] JUDICIAL MENTAL OPERATIONS [Pg 2]
Chapter I
JUDICIAL MENTAL OPERATIONS
Vitalizing Influence of Certain Ideas

One of the greatest discoveries of modern times is the impellent energy of thought.

That every idea in consciousness is energizing and carries with it an impulse to some kind of muscular activity is a comparatively new but well-settled principle of psychology. That this principle could be made to serve practical ends seems never to have occurred to anyone until within the last few years.

The Work of Prince, Gerrish, Sidis, Janet, Binet

Certain eminent pioneers in therapeutic psychology, such men as Prince, Gerrish, Sidis, Janet, Binet and other physician-scientists, have lately made practical use of the vitalizing influence of certain classes of ideas in the healing of disease.

We shall go farther than these men have gone and show you that the impellent energy of ideas is the means to all practical achievement and to all practical success.

Preceding books in this Course have taught that—

I. All human achievement comes about through some form of bodily activity.

II. All bodily activity is caused, controlled and directed by the mind.

III. The mind is the instrument you must employ for the accomplishment of any purpose.

The Two Types of Thought

You have learned that the fundamental processes of the mind are the Sense-Perceptive Process and the Judicial Process.

So far you have considered only the former—that is to say, sense-impressions and our perception of them. You have learned through an analysis of this process that the environment that prescribes your conduct and defines your career is wholly mental, the product of your own selective attention, and that it is capable of such deliberate molding and adjustment by you as will best promote your interests.

But the mere perception of sense-impressions, though a fundamental part of our mental life, is by no means the whole of it. The mind is also able to look at these perceptions, to assign them a meaning and to reflect upon them. These operations constitute what are called the Judicial Processes of the Mind.

The Judicial Processes of the Mind are of two kinds, so that, in the last analysis, there are, in addition to sense-perceptions, two, and only two, types of thought.

One of these types of thought is called a Causal Judgment and the other a Classifying Judgment.

[Pg 7] CAUSAL JUDGMENTS [Pg 8]
Chapter II
CAUSAL JUDGMENTS

A Causal Judgment interprets and explains sense-perceptions. For instance, the tiny baby's first vague notion that something, no knowing what, must have caused the impressions of warmth and whiteness and roundness and smoothness that accompany the arrival of its milk-bottle—this is a causal judgment.

Elementary Conclusions

The very first conclusion that you form concerning any sensation that reaches you is that something produced it, though you may not be very clear as to just what that something is. The conclusions of the infant mind, for example, along this line must be decidedly vague and indefinite, probably going no further than to determine that the cause is either inside or outside of the body. Even then its judgment may be far from sure.

First Effort of the Mind

Yet, baby or grown-up, young or old, the first effort of every human mind upon the receipt and perception of a sensation is to find out what produced it. The conclusion as to what did produce any particular sensation is plainly enough a judgment, and since it is a judgment determining the cause of the sensation, it may well be termed a causal judgment.

Causal judgments, taken by themselves, are necessarily very indefinite. They do not go much beyond deciding that each individual sensation has a cause, and is not the result of chance on the one hand nor of spontaneous brain excitement on the other. Taken by themselves, causal judgments are disconnected and all but meaningless.

Distorted Eye Pictures

I look out of my window at the red-roofed stone schoolhouse across the way, and, so far as the eye-picture alone is concerned, all that I get is an impression of a flat, irregularly shaped figure, part white and part red. The image has but two dimensions, length and breadth, being totally lacking in depth or perspective. It is a flat, distorted, irregular outline of two of the four sides of the building. It is not at all like the big solid masonry structure in which a thousand children are at work. My causal judgments trace this eye-picture to its source, but they do not add the details of distance, perspective, form and size, that distinguish the reality from an architect's front elevation. These causal judgments of visual perceptions must be associated and compared with others before a real "idea" of the schoolhouse can come to me.

Elements that Make Up an Idea

Taken by themselves, then, causal judgments fall far short of giving us that truthful account of the outside world which we feel that our senses can be depended on to convey.

Causal Judgments and the Outer World

If there were no mental processes other than sense-perceptions and causal judgments, every man's mind would be the useless repository of a vast collection of facts, each literally true, but all without arrangement, association or utility. Our notion of what the outside world is like would be very different from what it is. We would have no concrete "ideas" or conceptions, such as "house," "book," "table," and so on. Instead, all our "thinking" would be merely an unassorted jumble of simple, disconnected sense-perceptions.

What, then, is the process that unifies these isolated sense-perceptions and gives us our knowledge of things as concrete wholes?

[Pg 14] CLASSIFYING JUDGMENTS [Pg 15] [Pg 16]
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