Latin for Beginners by Benjamin Leonard D'Ooge (best motivational novels .txt) 📖

XII, §90

  NOUNS
  «fīlius, fīlī», m., son (filial)
   fluvius, fluvī, m., river (fluent)
  «gladius, gladī», m., sword (gladiator)
  «praesidium, praesi´dī», n., garrison, guard, protection
  «proelium, proelī», n., battle

  ADJECTIVES
  «fīnitimus, -a, -um», bordering upon, neighboring, near to.
    As a noun, «fīnitimī, -ōrum», m., plur., neighbors
  «Germānus, -a, -um», German. As a noun, «Germānus, -ī», m.,
    a German
  «multus, -a, -um», much; plur., many

  ADVERB
  «saepe», often

LESSON XIII, §95

  NOUNS
  «ager, agrī», m., field (acre)
  «cōpia, -ae», f., plenty, abundance (copious); plur., troops,
    forces
  «Cornēlius, Cornē´lī», m., Cornelius
  «lōrī´ca, -ae», f., coat of mail, corselet
  «praemium, praemī», n., reward, prize (premium)
  «puer, puerī», m., boy (puerile)
  «Rōma, -ae», f., Rome
  «scūtum, -ī», n., shield (escutcheon)
  «vir, virī», m., man, hero (virile)

  ADJECTIVES
  «legiōnārius, -a, -um»,[A] legionary, belonging to the legion.
    As a noun, «legiōnāriī, -ōrum», m., plur., legionary soldiers
  «līber, lībera, līberum», free (liberty) As a noun. «līberī, -ōrum,»
    m., plur., children (lit. the freeborn)
  «pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum», pretty, beautiful

  PREPOSITION
  «apud», among, with acc.

  CONJUNCTION
  «sed», but

    [Footnote A: The genitive singular masculine of adjectives in «-ius»
    ends in «-iī» and the vocative in «-ie»; not in «-ī», as in nouns.]

LESSON XIV, §99

  NOUNS
  «auxilium, auxi´lī», n., help, aid (auxiliary)
  «castrum, -ī», n., fort (castle); plur., camp (lit. forts)
  «cibus, -ī», m., food
  «cōnsilium, cōnsi´lī», n., plan (counsel)
  «dīligentia, -ae», f., diligence, industry
   magister, magistrī, m., master, teacher[A]

  ADJECTIVES
  «aeger, aegra, aegrum», sick
  «crēber, crēbra, crēbrum», frequent
  «miser, misera, miserum», wretched, unfortunate (miser)

    [Footnote A: Observe that «dominus», as distinguished from
    «magister», means master in the sense of owner.]

LESSON XV, §107

  NOUNS
  «carrus, -ī», m., cart, wagon
  «inopia, -ae», f., want, lack; the opposite of «cōpia»
  «studium, studī», n., zeal, eagerness (study)

  ADJECTIVES
  «armātus, -a, -um», armed
  «īnfīrmus, -a, -um», week, feeble (infirm)
   vali´dus, -a, -um, strong, sturdy

  VERB
  «mātūrat», he (she, it) hastens. Cf. properat

  ADVERB
  «iam», already, now

«-que», conjunction, and; an enclitic (cf. §16) and always added to the second of two words to be connected, as «arma tēla´que», arms and weapons.

LESSON XVII, §117

  NOUNS
  «agrī cultūra, -ae», f., agriculture
  «Gallia, -ae», f., Gaul
  «domicilīum, domīci´lī», n., dwelling place (domicile), abode
  «Gallus, -i», m., a Gaul
  «lacrima, -ae», f., tear
  «fēmina, -ae», f., woman (female)
  «numerus, -ī», m., number (numeral)

  ADJECTIVE
  «mātūrus, -a, -um», ripe, mature

  ADVERB
   quō, whither

  VERBS
   arat, he (she, it) plows (arable)
  «dēsīderat», he (she, it) misses, longs for (desire), with acc.

  CONJUNCTION
  «an», or, introducing the second half of a double question, as
  Is he a Roman or a Gaul, «Estne Romanus an Gallus?»

LESSON XVIII, §124

  NOUNS
   lūdus, -ī, m., school
  «socius, socī», m., companion, ally (social)

  ADJECTIVES
  «īrātus, -a, -um», angry, furious (irate)
  «laetus, -a, -um», happy, glad (social)

  ADVERBS
   hodiē, to-day
  «ibi», there, in that place
   mox, presently, soon, of the immediate future
  «nunc», now, the present moment
  «nūper», lately, recently, of the immediate past

LESSON XX, §136

  NOUNS
  «fōrma, -ae», f., form, beauty
  «regīna, -ae», f., queen (regal)
  «poena, -ae», f., punishment, penalty
   superbia, -ae, f., pride, haughtiness
  «potentia, -ae», f., power (potent)
  «trīstītīa, -ae», f., sadness, sorrow

ADJECTIVES «septem,» indeclinable, seven «superbus, -a, -um», proud, haughty (superb)

CONJUNCTIONS «nōn sōlum … sed etiam», not only … but also

LESSON XXI, §140

  NOUNS
   sacrum, -ī, n., sacrifice, offering, rite
  «verbum, -ī», n., word (verb)

  VERBS
   sedeō, -ēre, sit (sediment)
   volō, -āre, fly (volatile)

  ADJECTIVES
  «interfectus, -a, -um», slain
  «molestus, -a, -um», troublesome, annoying (molest)
  «perpetuus, -a, -um», perpetual, continuous

«ego», personal pronoun, I (egotism). Always emphatic in the nominative.

LESSON XXII, §146

  NOUNS
  «disciplīna, -ae», f., training, culture, discipline
  «Gāius, Gāī», m., Caius, a Roman first name
  «ōrnāmentum, -ī», n., ornament, jewel
   Tiberius, Tibe´rī, m., Tiberius, a Roman first name

  VERB
  «doceō, -ēre», teach (doctrine)

  ADVERB
  «maximē», most of all, especially

  ADJECTIVE
  «antīquus, -qua, -quum», old, ancient (antique)

LESSON XXVII, §168

  NOUNS
  «āla, -ae», f., wing
  «deus, -ī», m., god (deity)[A]
  «monstrum, -ī», n., omen, prodigy; monster
   ōrāculum, -ī, n., oracle

  VERB
  «vāstō, -āre», lay waste, devastate

  ADJECTIVES
  «commōtus, -a, -um», moved, excited
  «maximus, -a, -um», greatest (maximum)
  «saevus, -a, -um», fierce, savage

  ADVERBS
  «ita», thus, in this way, as follows
  «tum», then, at that time

[Footnote A: For the declension of «deus», see §468]

LESSON XXVIII, §171

  VERBS
  «respondeō, -ēre», respond, reply
  «servō, -āre», save, preserve

  ADJECTIVE
  «cārus, -a, -um», dear (cherish)

  CONJUNCTION
  «autem», but, moreover, now. Usually stands second, never first

  NOUN
  «vīta, -ae», f., life (vital)

LESSON XXIX, §176

  VERB
  «superō, -āre», conquer, overcome (insuperable)

  NOUNS
  «cūra, -ae», f., care, trouble
  «locus, -ī», m., place, spot (location). «Locus» is neuter in the
    plural and is declined «loca, -ōrum», etc.
  «perīculum, -ī», n., danger, peril

  ADVERBS
  «semper», always
  «tamen», yet, nevertheless

PREPOSITIONS «dē», with abl., down from.; concerning «per», with acc., through

CONJUNCTION «si», if

LESSON XXX, §182

  VERBS
  «absum», abesse, irreg., be away, be absent, be distant, with
    separative abl.
  «adpropinquō, -āre», draw near, approach (propinquity), with
    dative[A]
  «contineō, -ēre», hold together, hem in, keep (contain)
  «discēdō, -ere», depart, go away, leave, with separative abl.
  «egeō, -ēre», lack, need, be without, with separative abl.
  «interficiō, -ere», kill
  «prohibeō, -ēre», restrain, keep from (prohibit)
  «vulnerō, -āre», wound (vulnerable)

  NOUNS
  «prōvincia, -ae», f., province
  «vīnum, -ī», n., wine

  ADJECTIVE
  «dēfessus, -a, -um», weary, worn out

  ADVERB
  «longē», far, by far, far away

[Footnote A: This verb governs the dative because the idea of nearness to is stronger than that of motion to. If the latter idea were the stronger, the word would be used with «ad» and the accusative.]

LESSON XXXI, §188

  NOUNS
   aurum, -ī, n., gold (oriole)
  «mora, -ae», f., delay
  «nāvigium, nāvi´gī», n., boat, ship
  «ventus, -ī», m., wind (ventilate)

  VERB
  «nāvigō, -āre», sail (navigate)

  ADJECTIVES
   attentus, -a, -um, attentive, careful
  «dubius, -a, -um», doubtful (dubious)
   perfidus, -a, -um, faithless, treacherous (perfidy)

  ADVERB
  «anteā», before, previously

  PREPOSITION
  «sine», with abl., without

LESSON XXXII, §193

  NOUNS
  «animus, -ī», m., mind, heart; spirit, feeling (animate)
  «bracchium, bracchī», n., forearm, arm
  «porta, -ae», f., gate (portal)

  ADJECTIVES
  «adversus, -a, -um», opposite; adverse, contrary
  «plēnus, -a, -um», full (plenty)

  PREPOSITION
  «prō», with abl., before; in behalf of; instead of

  ADVERB
  «diū», for a long time, long

LESSON XXXIV, §200

  ADVERBS
  «celeriter», quickly (celerity)
  «dēnique», finally
  «graviter», heavily, severely (gravity)
  «subitō», suddenly

  VERB
  «reportō, -āre, -āvī», bring back, restore; win, gain (report)

LESSON XXXVI, §211

«dexter, dextra, dextrum», right (dextrous) «sinister, sinistra, sinistrum», left «frūstrā», adv., in vain (frustrate)

  «gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus», bear, carry on; wear;
    «bellum gerere», to wage war
  «occupō, occupāre, occupāvī, occupātus», seize, take possession of
    (occupy)
  «postulō, postulāre, postulāvī, postulātus», demand (ex-postulate)
  «recūsō, recūsāre, recūsāvī, recūsātus», refuse
  «stō, stāre, stetī, status», stand
  «temptō, temptāre, temptāvī, temptātus», try, tempt, test; attempt
  «teneō, tenēre, tenuī, ——», keep, hold (tenacious)

  The word «ubi», which we have used so much in the sense of where in
  asking a question, has two other uses equally important:

  1. «ubi» = when, as a relative conjunction denoting time; as,
    «Ubi mōnstrum audīvērunt, fūgērunt», when they heard the monster,
    they fled

  2. «ubi» = where, as a relative conjunction denoting place; as,
    «Videō oppidum ubi Galba habitat», I see the town where Galba
    lives

«ubi» is called a relative conjunction because it is equivalent to a relative pronoun. When in the first sentence is equivalent to at the time «at which»; and in the second, where is equivalent to the place «in which».

LESSON XXXVII, §217

  «neque» or «nec», conj., neither, nor, and … not;
    «neque … neque», neither … nor
  «castellum, -ī», n., redoubt, fort (castle)
  «cotīdiē», adv., daily

   cessō, cessāre, cessāvī, cessātus, cease, with the infin.
  «incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptus», begin (incipient),
    with the infin.
  «oppugnō, oppugnāre, oppugnāvī, oppugnātus», storm, assail
  «petō, petere, petivi» or «petiī, petītus», aim at, assail, storm,
    attack; seek, ask (petition)
  «pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus», place, put (position);
    «castra pōnere», to pitch camp
  «possum, posse, potuī, ——», be able, can (potent), with the infin.
  «vetō, vetāre, vetuī, vetitus», forbid (veto), vith the infin.;
    opposite of «iubeō», command
  «vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus», conquer (in-vincible)
  «vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, ——», live, be alive (re-vive)

LESSON XXXIX, §234

«barbarus, -a, -um», strange, foreign, barbarous. As a noun, «barbarī, -ōrum», m., plur., savages, barbarians «dux, ducis», m., leader (duke). Cf. the verb «dūcō» «eques, equitis», m., horseman, cavalryman (equestrian) iūdex, iūdicis, m., judge «lapis, lapidis», m., stone (lapidary) «mīles, mīlitis», m., soldier (militia) «pedes, peditis», m., foot soldier (pedestrian) «pēs, pedis»,[A] m., foot (pedal) «prīnceps, prīncipis», m., chief (principal) «rēx, rēgis», m., king (regal) «summus, -a, -um», highest, greatest (summit) «virtūs, virtūtis», f., manliness, courage (virtue)

[Footnote A: Observe that «e» is long in the nom. sing, and short in the other cases.]

LESSON XL, §237

«Caesar, -aris», m., Cæsar «captīvus, -ī», m., captive, prisoner «cōnsul, -is», m., consul «frāter, frātris», m., brother (fraternity) «homō, hominis», m., man, human being «impedīmentum, -ī», n., hindrance (impediment); plur. «impedīmenta, -ōrum», baggage «imperātor, imperātōris», m., commander in chief, general (emperor) «legiō, legiōnis», f., legion «māter, mātris», f., mother (maternal) «ōrdō, ōrdinis», m., row, rank (order) «pater, patris», m., father (paternal) «salūs, salūtis», f., safety (salutary) «soror, sorōris», f., sister (sorority)

LESSON XLI, §239

«calamitās, calamitātis», f., loss, disaster, defeat (calamity) «caput, capitis», n., head (capital) «flūmen, flūminis», n., river (flume) «labor, labōris», m., labor, toil «opus, operis», n., work, task «ōrātor, ōrātōris», m., orator «rīpa, -ae», f., bank (of a stream) «tempus, temporis», n., time (temporal) «terror, terrōris», m., terror, fear «victor, victōris», m., victor

  «accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptus», receive, accept
  «cōnfirmō, cōnfīrmāre, cōnfīrmāvī, cōnfīrmātus», strengthen,
    establish, encourage (confirm)

LESSON XLIII, §245

«animal, animālis (-ium[A])», n., animal «avis, avis (-ium)», f., bird (aviation) «caedēs, caedis (-ium)», f., slaughter calcar, calcāris (-ium), n., spur «cīvis, cīvis (-ium)», m. and f., citizen (civic) «cliēns, clientis (-ium)», m., retainer, dependent (client) «fīnis, fīnis (-ium)», m., end, limit (final); plur., country, territory «hostis, hostis (-ium)», m. and f., enemy in war (hostile). Distinguish from «inimīcus», which means a personal enemy «ignis, ignis (-ium)», m., fire (ignite) «īnsigne, īnsignis (-ium)», n. decoration, badge (ensign) «mare, maris (-ium[B])», n., sea (marine) «nāvis, nāvis (-ium)», f., ship (naval); «nāvis longa», man-of-war «turris, turris (-ium)», f., tower (turret) «urbs, urbis (-ium)», f., city (suburb). An «urbs» is larger than an «oppidum».

[Footnote A: The genitive plural ending -ium is written to mark the i-stems.]

[Footnote B: The genitive plural of mare is not in use.]

LESSON XLIV, §249

«arbor, arboris», f., tree (arbor) «collis, collis (-ium)», m., hill «dēns, dentis (-ium)», m., tooth (dentist) fōns, fontis (-ium), m.. fountain, spring; source «iter, itineris», n., march, journey, route (itinerary) «mēnsis, mēnsis (-ium)», m., month «moenia, -ium», n., plur., walls, fortifications. Cf. «mūrus» «mōns, montis (-ium)», m., mountain; «summus mōns», top of the mountain «numquam», adv., never «pōns, pontis», m., bridge (pontoon) «sanguis, sanguinis», m., blood (sanguinary) «summus, -a, -um», highest, greatest (summit) «trāns», prep, with acc., across (transatlantic) «vīs (vīs)», gen. plur. «virium», f. strength, force, violence (vim)

LESSON XLV, §258

«ācer, ācris, ācre», sharp, keen, eager (acrid) «brevis, breve», short, brief «difficilis, difficile», difficult «facilis, facile», facile, easy «fortis, forte», brave (fortitude) «gravis, grave», heavy, severe, serious (grave) «omnis, omne», every, all (omnibus) «pār», gen. «paris», equal (par) «paucī, -ae, -a», few, only a few (paucity) «secundus, -a, -um», second; favorable, opposite of adversus «signum, -ī», n., signal, sign, standard «vēlōx», gen. «vēlōcis», swift (velocity)

  «conlocō, conlocāre, conlocāvī, conlocātus», arrange, station, place
    (collocation)
  «dēmōnstrō, dēmōnstrāre, dēmōnstrāvī, dēmōnstrātus», point out,
    explain (demonstrate)
  «mandō, mandāre, mandāvī, mandātus», commit, intrust