Latin for Beginners by Benjamin Leonard D'Ooge (best motivational novels .txt) 📖

300
  of adjectives, 300-315
    irregular, 311-315, 473, 475
  of adverbs
    regular, 320-476
    irregular, 323, 477
  positive wanting, 315
  six adjectives in -lis, 307
«complementary infinitive», 215
«compound verbs»
  with the dative, 425, 426
«concessive» «clauses» with cum, 395, 396
«conjugation stems», 184
«conjugations»
  the four regular, 126, 488-491
  irregular, 494-500
«consonants», 2
«copula», 21
«cum»
  conjunction, 395
«cum»
  preposition, 209

«dative» case, 43 of indirect object, 44, 45 of purpose, or end for which, 437 with adjectives, 143 with compound verbs, 426 with special verbs, 153 «dea» declension of, 67 «declension», 23, 32 «degree of difference» expressed by the abl., 317 «demonstrative adjectives and pronouns», 112-115, 290-292, 481 «deponent verbs», 338, 339, 493 «descriptive ablative and genitive», 441-445 «descriptive relative clause» with the subjv., 389, 390 «deus» declension of, 468 «difference, measure of», 316, 317 «diphthongs», 6 «direct statements», 414 «distributive numerals», 327.3, 334 «domī» locative, 267 «domus» declension of, 468 «duo» declension of, 479 «duration» of time, expressed by the acc., 336

«ē»-declension of nouns, 272, 273, 467 «ē»-verbs, conjugation of, 489 «ĕ»-verbs, conjugation of, 490 «ego» declension of, 280, 480 «enclitics», 16 «eō» conjugation of, 499 «extent» of space expressed by the acc., 336

«fearing» subjv. after verbs of, 370-372 «ferō» conjugation of, 498 «fifth or ē-declension», 272, 273, 467 «fīlia» declension of, 67 «fīlius» declension of, 87-89 «finite verb» defined, 173 «fīō» conjugation of, 500 «first conjugation», 488 «first or ā-declension», 57, 461 «fourth conjugation», 491 «fourth or u-declension», 259, 260, 466 «from» how expressed, 178-181 «future participle» formation of, 374.c «future perfect» formation of active, 187.3 passive, 202 «future tense» formation of, 137, 156

«gender»
  in English and in Latin, 60
  in the first declension, 61
  in the second declension, 72
  in the third declension, 247
  in the fourth declension, 260
  in the fifth declension, 272
«general observations on declension», 74
«genitive» case
  English equivalents of, 33
  of description, 443, 445
  of nouns in -ius and -ium, 87
  partitive, 331
  possessive, 38, 409
«gerund»
  a verbal noun, 402, 403
«gerundive»
  a verbal adjective, 404
  with ad to express purpose, 407

«hic» declension and use of, 290, 291 «how to read Latin», 17

«i» consonant, 3 «i»-stems of nouns, 231, 241-244 «ī»-verbs conjugation of, 491 «īdem» declension of, 287, 481 «iēns» declension of, 472 «ille» declension and use of, 290-293, 481 «imperative» formation of, 161, 175 irregular, 161.2 in commands, 161 «imperfect indicative», formation and use of, 133, 134, 165.1 «imperfect subjunctive», 354 «indefinite pronouns and adjectives», 296, 297, 484-487 «independent clauses», 219 «indirect object», 44, 45 «indirect questions», 430-432 «indirect statements», 414-419 «infinitive» as object, 213 as subject, 216 complementary, 215 definition of, 173 does not express purpose, 352 formation of, 126, 174, 205, 206 in indirect statements, 415-410 used as in English, 213-216 «inflection» defined, 23 «instrument» abl. of, 100.b, 103 «intensive pronoun» ipse, declension and use of, 285, 286, 481 «interrogative pronouns and adjectives», 225-227, 483 «intransitive verbs», defined, 20.a with the dative, 153 «iō-verbs of the third conj.», 492 «ipse» declension and use of, 285, 481 «irregular adjectives», 108 «irregular comparison» of adjectives, 307 311, 312 of adverbs, 323 «irregular nouns», 67, 246, 468 «irregular verbs», 494-500 «is» declension and use of, 113-116 «iste» declension and use of, 290, 292, 481 «iter» declension of, 468

«Latin word order», 68 «locative» case, 267

«magis and maximē»
  comparison by, 302
«mālō»
  conjugation of, 4.97
«manner»
  abl. of, 105
«means»
  abl. of, 103
«measure of difference»
  abl. of, 316, 317
«mīlle»,
  declension of, 479
  construction with, 331.a,b
«moods», defined, 121

«-ne», enclitic
  in questions, 210
«nē», conj., that not, lest
  with negative clauses of purpose, 350.II
  with verbs of fearing, 370
«nine irregular adjectives», 108-110
«nōlō»
  conjugation of, 497
«nominative» case, 35, 36
«nōnne»
  in questions, 210
«nōs»
  declension of, 280, 480
«nouns», 19. 2
  first declension, 57, 461
  second declension, 71-74,87-92,462
  third declension, 230-247, 463-465
  fourth declension, 259, 260, 466
  fifth declension, 272, 273, 467
«num», in questions, 210
«number», 24
«numerals», 327-334, 478, 479

«o»-declension of nouns, 71-74, 87-92, 462 «object», 20 direct, 37 indirect, 44, 45 «order of words», 68 «ordinal numerals», 327. 2, 478

«participial stem», 201.2 «participles», defined, 203 agreement of, 204 formation, of present, 374.b of perfect, 201 of future, 374.c,d of deponent verbs, 375 tenses of, 376 translated by a clause, 377 «partitive genitive», 330, 331 «passive voice» defined, 163 formation of, 164, 202 «penult», 9.3 accent of, 15 «perfect indicative» formation, in the active, 185, 186 in the passive, 202 meaning of, 190 definite, 190 indefinite, 190 distinguished from the imperfect, 190 «perfect infinitive» active, 195 passive, 205 «perfect passive participle», 201 «perfect stem», 185 «perfect subjunctive» active, 361 passive, 362 «person», 122 «personal endings» active, 122 passive, 164 «personal pronouns», 280, 480 «place» where, whither, whence, 263-265 names of towns and domus and rūs, 266-268 «pluperfect indicative» active, 187.2 passive, 202 «pluperfect subjunctive» active, 361 passive, 363 «plūs» declension of, 313 «possessive pronouns», 97, 98 «possum» conjugation of, 495 «predicate» defined, 19 «predicate adjective» defined, 55 «predicate noun», 75, 76 «prepositions» with the abl., 209 with the acc., 340 «present indicative», 128, 130, 147 «present stem», 126.a «present subjunctive», 344 «primary tenses», 356 «principal parts», 183 «pronouns» classification of, 278 defined, 19.2.a demonstrative, 481 indefinite, 297, 484-487 intensive, 285, 286, 481 interrogative, 483 personal, 480 possessive, 97, 98 reflexive, 281 relative, 220, 221 «pronunciation», 4-7 «prōsum» conjugation of, 496 «purpose» dative of, 436, 437 expressed by the gerund or gerundive with ad, 407 not expressed by the infinitive, 352 subjunctive of, 348-350, 365-367

«quality»
  gen. or abl. of, 441-445
«quam»
  with a comparative, 308
«quantity», 11-13
«questions»
  direct, 210
  indirect, 430-432
«quī»
  declension and use of, 220,221, 482
«quīdam»
  declension of, 485
«quis»
  declension and use of, 225-227, 483
«quisquam»
  declension of, 486
«quisque»
  declension of, 484

«reflexive pronouns», 281 «relative clauses of characteristic or description», 389, 390 «relative clauses of purpose», 348, 349 «relative pronouns», 220, 221 «result clauses», 384-387 «reviews», 502-528 «rūs» constructions of, 266

«sē» distinguished from ipse, 285.a «second conjugation», 489 «second or o-declension», 71-93, 462 «sentences» simple, complex, compound, 219 «separation» abl. of, 180 «separative ablative», 178-181 «sequence of tenses», 356-358 «space» extent of, expressed by the acc., 336 «specification» abl. of, 398 «stems» of nouns, 230 of verbs, 184 «subject» defined, 19.2 of the infinitive, 213, 214 «subjunctive» formation of the present, 344 of the imperfect, 354 of the perfect, 361, 362 of the pluperfect, 361.c, 363 «subjunctive constructions» characteristic or description, 389, 390 indirect questions, 430-432 purpose, 349, 366, 372 result, 385, 386 time, cause, or concession, with cum, 395, 396 «subjunctive ideas», 346 «subjunctive tenses», 342, 343 «subordinate clauses», 219 «suī» declension of, 281, 480 «sum» conjugation of, 494 «suus» use of, 98.c, 116 «syllables», 8 division of, 9 quantity of, 13 «syntax» rules of, 501

«temporal clauses» with cum, 395, 396
«tense»
  defined, 120
«tense signs»
  imperfect, 133
  future, 137, 156
  pluperfect active, 187.2
  future perfect active, 187.3
«tenses»
  primary and secondary, 356
  sequence of, 357, 358
«third conjugation», 490, 492
«third declension of nouns»
  classes, 231, 463
  consonant stems, 232-238, 464
  gender, 247
  i-stems, 241-244, 465
  irregular nouns, 246
«time»
  abl. of, 275
«time»
  acc. of, 336
«towns»
  rules for names of, 266, 267, 268
«transitive verb», 20.a
«trēs»
  declension of, 479
«tū»
  declension of, 280, 480
«tuus»
  compared with vester, 98. b

«u»-declension of nouns, 259, 260, 466 «ultima», 9. 3

«verbs»
  agreement of, 28
  conjugation of, 126, 488-491
  deponent, 338, 339, 493
  irregular, 494-500
  personal endings of, 122, 164
  principal parts of, 183
«vester»
  compared with tuus, 98.b
«vīs»
  declension of, 468
«vocabularies»
  English-Latin, pp. 332-343
  Latin-English, pp. 299-331
  special, pp. 283-298
«vocative» case, 56.a
  of nouns in -us of the second declension, 73.b
  of proper nouns in -ius and of fīlius, 88
«voice»
  defined, 163
«volō»
  conjugation of, 497
«vōs»
  declension of, 280, 480
«vowels»
  sounds of, 5, 6
  quantity of, 12

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