Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews Peter Longerich (grave mercy .TXT) 📖

issue instructions to the Reichskommissar’.

47. In the view of Christopher Browning, most recently in Origins, 309 ff.

48. See above, p. 184.

49. YV, M 36/3 (copies from the Military Archive in Prague), Meeting Minute Ia: ‘The units subordinated to the Command Staff are to be deployed in the area of political

administration. A commitment of larger units in the Rear Army Area is possible.

Members of the Command Staff and the units assigned to it have no business either in

the operational areas or in the Rear Army Areas.’

50. Cf. Rolf-Dieter Müller, Hitlers Ostkrieg und die deutsche Siedlungspolitik. Die Zusammenarbeit von Wehrmacht, Wirtschaft und SS (Frankfurt a. M., 1991), 94 ff.

51. According to a communication from Lammers of 10 June 1941 (BAB, R 6/21). On this

see Rosenberg’s opinion, 14 June 1941 and the ‘Denkschrift über Aufgaben und

Befugnisse des Reichsministers für die besetzten Ostgebiete bzw. Die Reichskommis-

sare und über Befugnisse des Reichsführers SS, Chef der Deutschen Polizei sowie des

Reichskommissars für die Festigung deutschen Volkstums’, which Rosenberg sent to

Lammers on 27 Aug. 1943 (no. 3726).

52. NS 19/1739.

53. NO 4724, Reichsführer SS to Lorenz and Heydrich (11 July 1941).

54. Addendum to communication of 11 July 1941, ibid. The original order to Pflaum had

also been issued on 11 July.

55. BAB, NS 22/971, file note by Bormann dated 16 Aug. 1941: ‘There is no clarity about

which areas should most quickly be Germanized after the end of the war, and it cannot

for the moment be obtained, since the Führer will only take the necessary decisions

after the end of the war.’

56. BAB, R 6/23, Himmler to Rosenberg, 19 Aug. 1941, and Rosenberg to Lammers, 23 Aug.

1941.

57. BAB, R 6/23 (cf. Müller, Ostkrieg, 98). In a file note on a conversation with Goering on 9

Aug. 1941 Rosenberg mentioned that Goering too was assuming ‘that the task assigned

to the Reichsführer SS with respect to the strengthening of the German nation was

limited exclusively to the area of the German Reich’ (ibid.).

58. OS, 1323-1-53 and BAB, R 43 II/684a, letter of 6 Sept. 1941 from Lammers to Rosenberg concerning Himmler’s competences.

59. Meeting between Knoblauch and Jüttner on 2 July 1941 (BAM, Film WF800, copies

from the Military Archive in Prague).

510

Notes to pages 218–221

60. KTB Commando Staff RFSS, 27 July 1941, published in Unsere Ehre.

61. Ibid. (9 July 1941 and 17 July 1941).

62. Ibid. (10 July 1941).

63. Witte et al., eds, Dienstkalender, 183.

64. KTB Commando Staff RFSS. The Cavalry Brigade was formed on 2 Aug. 1941.

65. Witte et al., eds, Dienstkalender, 21 July 1941, p. 186.

66. On May see Cüppers, Wegbereiter, 68.

67. BAM, Film M 806 (copies in the Military Archive in Prague), Activity Report for 20–7

July 1941 dated 28 July 1941.

68. In contrast to the two other Command Staff Brigades, the 2nd SS Brigade was not

deployed for the murder of Jews in summer and autumn 1941. Whilst it was subordin-

ated to the Higher SS and Police Commander Russia North, Hans Prützmann, in

September 1941, it was evidently used most frequently for military purposes. Prütz-

mann did not need a large SS formation in his area, since for the mass murder of Jews

in the Reich Commissariat Ostland he had local militias at his disposition (see KTB

Command Staff for September and October, published in Unsere Ehre).

13.

Enforcing the Annihilation Policy: Extending the Shootings to the

Whole Jewish Population

1. The most detailed account is in Cüppers, Wegbereiter, 151 ff.; see also Büchler,

‘Kommandostab’ and Gerlach, Kalkulierte Morde, 555 ff.

2. KTB Commando Staff RFSS, 28 July 1941, published in Unsere Ehre, 220 ff.

3. BAM, RS 3–8/36; on the meeting with Himmler see also BAB, R 20/45b, Bach-Zelews-

ki’s diary, 31 July 1941.

4. BAM, RS 4/441, Divisional Order no. 28.

5. Cüppers, Wegbereiter, 142 ff., shows at several points mass shootings of women and

children by the 1st Cavalry Regiment from the first half of August, which are not

mentioned in the regimental reports. By the beginning of September the 1st Regiment

was avoiding all mention of the murder of women and children in its reports, although

this is contained in the reports of the Regiment’s individual squadrons (ibid. 194).

6. BAM, RS 4/441; Cüppers, Wegbereiter, 151.

7. Ibid.

8. The District Court in Braunschweig notes 4,500 victims in its verdict (¼ Sagel-Grande, Justiz und NS-Verbrechen, xx, no. 570, 20 Apr. 1964), which is based on EM 58. Higher

(and probably more realistic) figures are to be found in Cüppers, Wegbereiter, 155 ff.

The mass murder was described as a ‘reprisal’ for two alleged assaults on members of

the town militia (EM 58).

9. 2nd Cavalry Regiment, Mounted Unit, report of 12 Aug. 1941, USHM, RG-48.004, Reel

2, Box 24 (copies in the Military Archive in Prague), published in Unsere Ehre, 227 ff.

10. USHM, RG-48.004, Reel 2, Box 24.

11. Cüppers, Wegbereiter, 203.

12. Ibid. 194 ff.

13. According to Gerlach’s account of the events of August 1941 (Kalkulierte Morde, 566 ff.).

Notes to pages 221–222

511

14. Judgement of the Berlin District Court of 22 June 1962 (¼ Sagel-Grande, Justiz und NSVerbrechen, xviii, no. 540); ZSt, II 202 AR 72a/60, judgement of the Berlin District

Court of 6 May 1966. On EK 9, see Ogorreck, Einsatzgruppen, 186 ff.

15. EM 50.

16. 202 AR-Z 73/61, vol. 6, pp. 1580 ff., 22 Feb. 1966; see also the interrogation of Filbert of 23

Sept. 1971 (ZSt, 201 AR-Z 76/59, vol. 11, pp. 7563 ff.).

17. ZSt, II 202 AR 72a/60, Judgement of the Berlin District Court of 6 May 1966; judgement of the Berlin District Court of 22 June 1962 (¼ Sagel-Grande, Justiz und NS-Verbrechen,

xviii, no. 540).

18. ZSt, 201 AR-Z 76/59, 8 Oct. 1971 (11, pp. 7605 ff.).

19. Bradfisch (ZSt, 201 AR-Z 76/59, 8 Oct. 1971, vol. 11, pp. 7605 ff.).

20. On another occasion Bradfisch said that the same information had been given to him

by Himmler in Mogilev: StA Munich, 22 Ks 1/1961, 1, pp. 136 ff., 22 Apr. 1958. On this

visit by Himmler to Minsk, see Gerlach, Kalkulierte Morde, 571 ff.

21. EM 90 and EM 92 v. 21 Sept. and 23 Sept. 1941; judgement of the 1st Munich District

Court of 21 July 1961 (¼ Sagel-Grande, Justiz und NS-Verbrechen, xvii, no. 519); ZSt, 202

AR-Z 81/59, indictment of 19 Apr. 1960.

22. Gerlach, Kalkulierte Morde, 570.

23. EM 92 for 23 Sept. 1941; judgement of